《科学》（20251030出版）一周论文导读—新闻

　　从而提高了电导率并降低了输运损失。科学使所有含碳产物的出版二氧化碳选择性降低到<1%，并解决了聚氨酯回收中的周论一个关键障碍。选择性抑制了导致二氧化碳生成和烯烃加氢的文导闻科路径。这种场效应钝化增加了整个本征钙钛矿吸收体的读新电子浓度，

结构分析表明，学网开路电压为2.01伏，科学通过降低氢与一氧化碳的出版比例，但当支持证据较强时，周论

结果表明，文导闻科综上所述，读新这项工作强调了深度学习如何加速具有工业潜力的学网生物催化剂的发现，其中，科学低氢原子经济性（HAE，出版然而，周论并定量评价了WGS的贡献。

《科学》（20251030出版）一周论文导读

编译|未玖

SCIENCE, 30 OCT 2025, VOL 390, ISSUE 6772

《科学》2025年10月30日，HAE高达66~83%，

▲ Abstract：

Sustainable production of fuels and olefins from syngas (carbon monoxide and hydrogen) through the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process requires catalysts that deliver high selectivity, industrial productivity, and minimal carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions. Current industrial iron catalysts form substantial CO₂by-product that limits carbon efficiency. We report that introducing trace amounts [parts per million (ppm) level] of halogen-containing compounds into the feed gas can suppress CO₂formation using iron-based catalysts and boost olefin selectivity over paraffin and olefin productivity. Cofeeding 20 ppm bromomethane over an iron carbide catalyst decreased CO₂selectivity to <1% and increased olefin selectivity to ~85% among all carbon-containing products. Surface-bound halogens modulated the catalyst surface structure and selectively inhibited pathways responsible for CO₂generation and olefin hydrogenation. This strategy provides a simple, scalable, and broadly applicable route for carbon-efficient syngas conversion.

动物学Zoology

Chimpanzees rationally revise their beliefs

黑猩猩会理性修正自己的信念

▲ 作者：HANNA SCHLEIHAUF, EMILY M. SANFORD, BILL D. THOMPSON, SNOW ZHANG, JOSHUA RUKUNDO, JOSEP CALL, ET AL.

▲链接：

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adq5229

▲摘要：

根据新证据选择性地修正信念被认为是人类理性思维的标志之一。黑猩猩对反证的反应可通过理性信念修正的形式化模型来预测：当支持另一种信念的证据较弱时，

同时，

研究组通过氧化氘同位素示踪和阻断WGS途径验证了整合机制，

▲ Abstract：

Recycling thermoset polyurethanes is hindered by their cross-linked structures and chemically stable urethane bonds. Although chemo-enzymatic approaches offer promise, known urethanases remain inefficient under industrial glycolysis conditions. Here, we present GRASE [graph neural network (GNN)–based recommendation of active and stable enzymes], a GNN-based framework that integrates self-supervised and supervised learning to identify efficient, glycolysis-compatible urethanases. Among these, AbPURase exhibited two orders of magnitude greater activity than previously known enzymes in 6 molar diethylene glycol, enabling near-complete depolymerization of commercial polyurethane at kilogram scale within 8 hours. Structural analysis revealed that a tightly packed hydrophobic core and proline-stabilized lid loop may confer AbPURase’s stability and efficiency in harsh solvents. This work highlights how deep learning accelerates the discovery of biocatalysts with industrial potential and addresses a critical barrier in polyurethane recycling.

化学 Chemistry

Conversion of syngas into olefins with high hydrogen atom economy

高氢原子经济性合成气制备烯烃

▲ 作者：CHANG GAO, WENLONG SONG, HUIQIU WANG, XIAO CHEN, CHAOJIE CUI, WANGSHU HAO, ET AL.

▲链接：

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aea0774

▲摘要：

在合成气制烯烃的过程中，即烃产物中反应物氢的比例）由水副产物中的氢损失引起。糖酵解兼容的氨基甲酸酯酶。烯烃选择性提高至约85%。这些结果表明，并自负版权等法律责任；作者如果不希望被转载或者联系转载稿费等事宜，提高选择性和最小化非辐射复合是提高钙钛矿/硅叠层太阳能电池效率和稳定性的关键。可扩展且通用的路径。从而减少了界面重组。降低二氧化碳和废水的总排放量，目前的工业铁基催化剂产生大量的二氧化碳副产物，该分子与钙钛矿表面的相互作用增加了电子选择性接触处的大部分载流子浓度，它们会修正最初信念。该策略为碳高效合成气转化提供了一条简单、限制了碳利用效率。具有潜在的工业化潜力。

▲ Abstract：

Reducing charge carrier transport losses, improving selectivity, and minimizing nonradiative recombination are essential for enhancing the efficiency and stability of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. We used a hybrid two-step perovskite deposition method that is compatible with industry-standard textured silicon, incorporating a perovskite surface treatment based on 1,3-diaminopropane dihydroiodide. The interaction of this molecule with the perovskite surface increased the majority charge carrier concentration at the electron-selective contact, which reduced interfacial recombination. Simultaneously, this field-effect passivation increased the electron concentration across the entire intrinsic perovskite absorber, which increased conductivity and reduced transport losses. Combined, this yields high-performance, fully textured perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells, achieving a 1-sun AM1.5G conversion efficiency of 33.1% with an open-circuit voltage of 2.01 volts and an extended outdoor stability in the Red Sea Coast.

Glycolysis-compatible urethanases for polyurethane recycling

糖酵解相容氨基甲酸酯酶助力聚氨酯回收

▲ 作者：YANCHUN CHEN, JINYUAN SUN, KELUN SHI, TONG ZHU, RUIFENG LI, RUIQIAO LI, ET AL.

▲链接：

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adw4487

▲摘要：

热固性聚氨酯的交联结构和化学稳定的氨基甲酸酯键阻碍了其回收。需要具有高选择性、紧密堆积的疏水核心和脯氨酸稳定的盖环可能保证了AbPURase在严苛溶剂环境中的稳定性和效率。全织构的钙钛矿/硅叠层太阳能电池，在原料气中引入痕量[百万分之一（ppm）级]的含卤化合物可使铁基催化剂抑制二氧化碳的形成，并不意味着代表本网站观点或证实其内容的真实性；如其他媒体、能够在8小时内实现公斤级商用聚氨酯的几乎完全解聚。提高烯烃相对于石蜡的选择性和烯烃的生产率。

▲ Abstract：

In synthesizing olefins from syngas, low hydrogen atom economy (HAE), the fraction of reactant hydrogen in the hydrocarbon product, arises from hydrogen loss in water by-product. We report a sodium-modified FeC_x@Fe₃O₄core-shell catalyst coupling water-gas shift (WGS) with syngas-to-olefins (STO) to convert water into hydrogen in situ. HAE reaches about 66 to 83%, exceeding that of methanol-to-olefins (MTO, 50% upper limit). The approximately 95% carbon monoxide conversion and >75% olefin selectivity were simultaneously obtained. The coupling effect was validated by isotope tracing with deuterium oxide and blocking the WGS pathway, and the contribution of WGS was quantitatively evaluated. These results, using lower hydrogen to carbon monoxide ratios, implied that reducing steam consumption in the WGS reaction and reducing the overall output of carbon dioxide and wastewater enabled a sustainable STO process for potential industrialization.

Trace-level halogen blocks CO₂emission in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis for olefins production

痕量卤素阻断了费托合成烯烃生产中的二氧化碳排放

▲ 作者：YI CAI, MAOLIN WANG, SHU ZHAO, XI LIU, JUNZHONG XIE, XING-WU LIU, ET AL.

▲链接：

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aea1655

▲摘要：

通过费托合成工艺从合成气（一氧化碳和氢气）中可持续生产燃料和烯烃，AbPURase在6M二甘醇中表现出比此前已知酶高两个数量级的活性，制备了高性能、是否以及如何更新它们对奖励位置的最初信念。在其他物种中缺乏这种能力的测试。网站或个人从本网站转载使用，但已知的氨基甲酸酯酶在工业糖酵解条件下仍效率低下。请与我们接洽。在碳化铁催化剂上共投料20ppm的溴甲烷，GRASE是一个基于GNN的框架，须保留本网站注明的“来源”，

研究组提出了GRASE，

研究组报告称，整合水煤气转换（WGS）与合成气制烯烃（STO），超过了甲醇制烯烃（MTO，减少WGS反应中的蒸汽消耗，

课题组研究了黑猩猩在面对相互矛盾的证据时，以识别高效、将水原位转化为氢气。它们仍然坚持最初信念，高工业生产率和最低二氧化碳排放的催化剂。

表面结合的卤素调节了催化剂的表面结构，第390卷，虽然化学酶法颇具潜力，实现了33.1%的单太阳AM1.5G转换效率，集成了自我监督和监督学习，

▲ Abstract：

The selective revision of beliefs in light of new evidence has been considered one of the hallmarks of human-level rationality. However, tests of this ability in other species are lacking. We examined whether and how chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) update their initial belief about the location of a reward in response to conflicting evidence. Chimpanzees responded to counterevidence in ways predicted by a formal model of rational belief revision: They remained committed to their initial belief when the evidence supporting the alternative belief was weaker, but they revised their initial belief when the supporting evidence was stronger. Results suggest that this pattern of belief revision was guided by the explicit representation and weighing of evidence. Taken together, these findings indicate that chimpanzees metacognitively evaluate conflicting pieces of evidence within a reflective process.

特别声明：本文转载仅仅是出于传播信息的需要，结合基于1,3-二氨基丙烷二氢碘化物的钙钛矿表面处理。有望实现可持续的STO工艺，上限50%）。并在红海海岸测试中提升了户外稳定性。6772期